Пандемија: плодно тло за ауторитарно грабљење моћи
ДОИ: https://doi.org/10.2298/GEI2103609Z УДК 316.46.058.4:39:616.98 Оригинални научни рад
Сажетак
Овај чланак покушава да покаже да је пандемија ковида 19 пружила могућности бројним (не)демократским владама да наметну нова ограничења грађанских слобода, прогоне противнике, лимитирају протесте и уводе нове технике масовног надзора, претварајући тако разарајући биолошки вирус у штетни политички вирус који је за само неколико месеци у великој мери довео у питање свеукупно стање слободе у свету. У земљама које се сматрају недемократским, али и у такозваним демократским државама, ограничење слобода се оправдава у име очувања живота (zoē). Овај нови историјски догађај открива чињеницу да криза није решавана демократским средствима, чак ни у демократским државама, већ средствима која су заједничка свим државама, укључујући и оне најауторитарније: коришћењем технологија праћења, без регуларних процедура или контроле од стране посредничких тела, доношењем одлука од стране неколицине, и коришћењем хитности ситуације како би се обезбедила грабила превелика овлашћења. Користећи интерпретативни оквир Мишела Фукоа, Жила Делеза и Ђорђа Агамбена, настојимо да оцртамо нови смер касног капитализма и потенцијалне политичке ефекте руковођења здравственом кризом.
Кључне речи: коронавирус, криза, ауторитарност, моћ, надзор, медији, биополитика
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Baverez, Nicolas. 2020. “Les libertés au temps du coronavirus”. Commentaire 170 (2): 265–270.
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Fedschun, Travis. 2020. “Turkmenistan bans use of word 'coronavirus,' threatens jail for anyone wearing a mask: watchdog group”. FoxNews, April 1. https://www.foxnews.com/world/turkmenistan-coronavirus-word-use- banned-masks-arrest-former-soviet-republic (Accessed April 29, 2021).
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Marciano, Avi. 2021. “Israel’s Mass Surveillance during COVID-19: A Missed Opportunity”. Surveillance & Society 19 (1): 85–88.
Mao, Yexin. 2021. “Political institutions, state capacity, and crisis management: A comparison of China and South Korea”. International Political Science Review 42 (3): 316–332.
Merkel, Wolfgang. 2020. “Who Governs in Deep Crises? The Case of Germany”. Democratic Theory 7 (2): 1–11.
Mitoma, Glenn & Alan S. Marcus. 2020. “Human Rights Before and After Covid- 19: Getting Human Rights Education out of Quarantine”. Journal of Inter- national Social Studies 10 (2): 127–140.
Panza, Maëlle. 2021. “Crise de la Covid-19 et nature des régimes politiques en Méditerranée orientale”. Revue Défense Nationale h(HS3): 19–24.
Polanyi, Karl. 1945. “Universal Capitalism or Regional Planning?” The London Quarterly of World Affairs 10 (3): 86–91.
Popelier, Patricia. 2020. “COVID-19 legislation in Belgium at the crossroads of a political and a health crisis”. The Theory and Practice of Legislation 8 (1– 2): 131–153.
Repucci, Sarah & Amy Slipowitz. 2021. “Democracy in a Year of Crisis”. Journal of Democracy. 32 (2): 45–60.
Ricœur, Paul. 1990. Soi-même comme un autre. Paris: Seuil.
Rochot, Justine. 2020. “La Chine de Xi face à la Covid-19: bottes de cuir et vieilles dentelles”. Esprit 12: 87–98.
Smith, Jeffrey & Nic Cheeseman. “Authoritarians Are Exploiting the Coronavirus. Democracies Must Not Follow Suit”. Foreign Policy, April 28 https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/28/authoritarians-exploiting- coronavirus-undermine-civil-liberties-democracies/ (Accessed April 16, 2021).
Thomson, Stephen & Eric C. Ip. 2020a. “COVID-19 Emergency Measures Are Hurting Democracy Globally”. AJPH 110 (9) : 1344–1375.
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Windholz, Eric L. 2020. “Governing in a pandemic: from parliamentary sovereignty to autocratic technocracy”. The Theory and Practice of Legislation 8 (1–2): 93–113.
Ziblatt, Daniel & Steven Levitsky. 2019. La Mort des démocraties. Paris: Calmann- Lévy.
Објављено
24.01.2022.
Како цитирати
ZARIĆ, Zona; MLADENOVIĆ, Ivica.
Пандемија: плодно тло за ауторитарно грабљење моћи.
Гласник Етнографског института САНУ, [S.l.], v. 69, n. 3, p. 609–623, jan. 2022.
ISSN 2334-8259.
Доступно на:
<https://www.ei.sanu.ac.rs/index.php/gei/article/view/993>.
Датум приступа: 02 may 2025
<https://www.ei.sanu.ac.rs/index.php/gei/article/view/993>.
Датум приступа: 02 may 2025
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