(Де)колонизација дигиталног окружења: интернет и нови(ји) медији као места савремених антрополошких истраживања и како им етнографски прићи
ДОИ: https://doi.org/10.2298/GEI2002419R УДК 39:004.9 Прегледни рад
Сажетак
Последње деценије двадесетог века донеле су бројне заокрете у антрополошкој пракси и теорији која из ње проистиче. Нове констелације геополитичких и друштвених околности на глобалном нивоу преобликовале су пејзаже терена на које су антрополози класичне епохе традиционално одлазили, истражујући далеке, друге и другачије културе, те су, повратком антропологије кући, односно померањем фокуса интересовања са традиционалних на савремена друштва и културе, отворени нови терени, који могу бити и дигитални. Означивши их као места где се одвијају смислене људске активности, са последицама и одговорима на њих, кроз дигитална окружења можемо се кретати, у њима можемо провести време лутајући или истражујући, разговарати, упознавати се, волети и постојати, доживљавајући их као саставни део нашег света. Имајући то у виду, у овом раду представићу развој идеје о местима у дигиталном окружењу као теренима савремених антрополошких истраживања. Дефинисањем кључних појмова и њиховим контекстуализовањем настојаћу да скицирам пејзаж и карактеристике новијег медијског универзума чији су интернет и социјални медији део, и од којих је дигитално окружење сачињено, а потом ћу представити пут (де)колонизације дигиталног окружења која се огледа у његовом истовременом постајању стварним антрополошким тереном, који можемо истраживати вишелокацијском етнографијом, и насељавању дигиталног окружења, тј. у његовом означавању социјалним простором.
Кључне речи: дигитално окружење, интернет, нови медији, вишелокацијска етнографија, савременост
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Geertz, Clifford. 1973. The Interpretation of Cultures. Selecter Essays by Clifford Geertz. New York: Basic Books.
Geertz, Clifford. 1988. Works and Lives. The Anthropologist as Author. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Gupta, Akhil & James Ferguson. 1997. Discipline and Practice: ‘The Field’ as Site, Method, and Location in Anthropology. In Anthropological Locations Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science, eds. Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, 1–46. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Haynes, Nell. 2016. Social media in northern Chile. London: UCL Press.
Haraway, Donna. 1996. Simians Cyborgs and Women. New York: Routledge.
Harvi, Dejvid. 2012. Kratka istorija neoliberalizma. Novi Sad: Mediterran Publishing.
Hine, Christine. 2000. Virtual Ethnography. London: Sage.
Horst, Heather. 2009. Aesthetics of the self: Digital mediations. In Anthropology and the individual: A material culture perspective, ed. Daniel Miller, 99–113. Oxford: Berg.
Horst, Heather & Daniel Miller. 2006. The Cell Phone. An Anthropology of Communication. Oxford: Berg.
Horst, Heather & Daniel Miller. 2012. Digital Anthropology. London: Berg.
Howell, Signe. 2018. Ethnography. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology, eds. F. Stein, S. Lazar, M. Candea, H. Diemberger, J. Robbins, A. Sanchez & R. Stasch. https://www.anthroencyclopedia.com/printpdf/262 (pristupljeno 3. marta 2019)
Ingold, Tim. 2014. “That’s enough about ethnography!”. Hau: Journal of Ethnographic Theory 4 (1): 383–395.
Jenkins, Henry & Mark Deuze. 2008. “Editorial. Convergence Culture”. The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 14 (1): 5–12
Kasvio, Antti. 2011. The Emergence of ‘Information Society’ as a Major Social Scientific Research Programme. In Informational Society. Understanding
the Third Industrial Revolution, ed. Erkki Karvonen, 19–47. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
Kovačević, Ivan. 2015. Istorija srpske antropologije. Beograd: Odeljenje za etnologiju i antropologiju.
Kozinets, Robert. 2002. “The Field Behind the Screen: Using Netnography for Marketing Research in Online Communities”. Journal of Marketing Research XXXIX: 61–72.
Kozinets, Robert. 2015. Netnography: Redefined. London: SAGE.
Malinovski, Bronislav. 1979. Argonauti zapadnog Pacifika. Beograd: BIGZ.
Manovich, Lev. 2001. The Language of New Media. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Markham, Annete. 2003. “Metaphors reflecting and shaping the reality of the Internet: Tool, place, way of being”. Paper presented at the conference of the International Association of Internet Researchers in Toronto.
https://annettemarkham.com/writing/MarkhamTPW.pdf (pristupljeno 20. avgusta 2020)
Marcus, George. 1995. “Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography”. Annual Review of Anthropology 24: 95–117.
McDonald, Tom. 2016. Social Media in Rural China. Social Networks and Moral Frameworks. London: UCL Press.
Miller, Daniel & Don Slater. 2001. The Internet: An Ethnographic Approach. Oxford: Berg.
Miller, Daniel, Elisabetta Costa, Nell Haynes, Tom McDonald, Razvan Nicolescu, Jolynna Sinanan, Juliano Spyer, Shriram Venkatraman & Xinyuan Wang. 2016. How the World Changed Social Media. London: UCL Press.
Miller, Daniel. 2016. Social media in an English village. London: UCL Press.
Miller, Daniel. 2018. Digital Anthropology. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology, eds. F. Stein, S. Lazar, M. Candea, H. Diemberger, J. Robbins, A. Sanchez & R. Stasch. http://www.anthroencyclopedia.com/printpdf/462 (pristupljeno 18. februara 2020).
Mintz, Sidney. 1998. “The Localization of Anthropological Practice: From Area Studies to Transnationalism”. Critique of Anthropology 18 (2): 117–33.
Muir, Stewart. 2004. Not Quite at Home Field Envy and New Age Ethnographic Dis-ease. In Anthropologist in The Field. Cases in Participation Opservation, eds. Lynnne Hume & Jane Mulock, 201–215. New York: Columbia University Press.
Ože, Mark. 2005. Nemesta. Beograd: Biblioteka XX vek.
Nicolescu, Razvan. 2016. Social media in southeast Italy. London: UCL Press.
Peirano, Mariza. 1998. “When Anthropology is at Home: The Different Contexts of a Single Discipline“. Annual Review of Anthropology 27 (1):105–128.
Pink, Sarah, Heather Horst, John Postill, Larissa Hjorth, Tania Lewis & Jo Tacchi. 2016. Digital Ethnography. Principles and Practice. London: SAGE.
Pleše, Iva. 2011. Od virtuelnog prostora do web mjesta. Web forumi i fizički lokaliteti. U Mjesto, Nemjesto. Interdisciplinarna promišljanja prostora i kulture prostora, ur. Jasna Čapo & Valentina Gulin Zrnić, 393–398. Zagreb: Biblioteka Nova Etnografija.
Poster. Mark. 1999. “Underdetermination”. New Media and Society 1 (1): 12–17.
Rabinow, Paul & George Marcus. 2008. Designes for an Antrhropology of The Contemporary. London: Duke University Press.
Sade-Beck, Liav. 2004. “Internet Ethnography: Online and Offline”. International Journal of Qualitative Methods: 45–51.
Sera-Shriar, Efram. 2014. “What Is Armchair Anthropology? Observational Practices in 19th-Century British Human Sciences”. History of the Human Sciences 27 (2): 26–40.
Silverstone, Roger.1999. “What’s New About New Media?”. New Media and Society 1 (1):10–12.
Sinanan, Jolynna. 2017. Social media in Trinidad. London: UCL Press.
Spyer, Juliano. 2017. Social media in emergent Brazil. London: UCL Press.
Trifunović, Vesna. 2010. „Internet kao teren: primer sakupljanja folklorne građe“. Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU 58 (1): 157–168.
Turkle, Sherry. 2005 [1984]. The second self: computers and the human spirit. New York: MIT Press.
Venkatraman, Shriram. 2016. Social Media in South India. London: UCL Press.
Wang, Xinyuan. 2016. Social media in industrial China. London: UCL Press.
Weston, Cat. 1997. The Virtual Anthropologist. In Anthropological Locations Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science, eds. Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, 163–184. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Žakula, Sonja. 2012. „Da li kiborzi sanjaju biomehaničke ovce? Telo i hiperrealnosti“. Antropologija 12 (2): 43–61.
Internet sources:
Abdin, Crystal. 2018. “We Have Never Been Digital Anthropologist”. Блог Антродендум. https://anthrodendum.org/2018/02/03/we-have-never-beendigital-
anthropologists/ (постављен 3. фебруара 2018, преузет 15. марта 2020).
O’Railly, Tim. 2009. “What is web 2.0? Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software’”. O’Reilly Media.
http://oreilly.com/web2/arc-hive/what-is-web-20.html (pristupljeno 3. februara 2020).
Wittel, Andreas. 2000. Ethnography on the Move: From Field to Net to Internet. Forum: Qualitative Social Research 1 (1).
http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article /view/ 1131/2517%26amp%3Bsa%3DU%26amp%3Bei%3DmkZ (pristupljeno 6. februara 2020).
Објављено
30.09.2020.
Како цитирати
RADIVOJEVIĆ, Sonja.
(Де)колонизација дигиталног окружења: интернет и нови(ји) медији као места савремених антрополошких истраживања и како им етнографски прићи.
Гласник Етнографског института САНУ, [S.l.], v. 68, n. 2, p. 419–438, sep. 2020.
ISSN 2334-8259.
Доступно на:
<https://www.ei.sanu.ac.rs/index.php/gei/article/view/905>.
Датум приступа: 25 apr. 2024
<https://www.ei.sanu.ac.rs/index.php/gei/article/view/905>.
Датум приступа: 25 apr. 2024
Секција
Varia
